Muhammad Qasim al-Bazzal is a U.S.-designated Lebanese financier for Hezbollah and Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps-Quds Force (IRGC-QF).“Treasury Designates Illicit Russia-Iran Oil Network Supporting the Assad Regime, Hizballah, and HAMAS,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, November 20, 2018, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm553. The IRGC-QF specializes in foreign missions, providing training, funding, and weapons to extremist groups, including Iraqi insurgents, Hezbollah, and Hamas. On November 20, 2018, the U.S. Department of the Treasury designated al-Bazzal as a Specially Designated Global Terrorist for his association with Hezbollah.“Treasury Designates Illicit Russia-Iran Oil Network Supporting the Assad Regime, Hizballah, and HAMAS,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, November 20, 2018, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm553.

Al-Bazzal allegedly co-founded various front companies—such as the Syria-based Talaqi Group and Hokoul S.A.L. Offshore (Hokoul)—to conduct dealings for the IRGC-QF to fund Hezbollah’s activities. Al-Bazzal also reportedly heads another enterprise called Nagham Al Hayat, where he conducts the legal and financial dealings of the company, and founded Tawafuk on June 26, 2017, where he serves as general manager.“Treasury Designates Illicit Russia-Iran Oil Network Supporting the Assad Regime, Hizballah, and HAMAS,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, November 20, 2018, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm553; “Tawafuk,” IFMAT, September 9, 2019, https://www.ifmat.org/09/09/tawafuk/#page. As chairman of the board of directors at Talaqi Group, al-Bazzal is reportedly responsible for the company’s finances, contracts, and operations.“Treasury Designates Vast Iranian Petroleum Shipping Network That Supports IRGC-QF and Terror Proxies,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, September 4, 2019, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm767. Additionally, it is reported that Lebanon-based Hokoul supplies the Syrian state-run oil company SYTROL with Iranian crude under IRGC-QF orders. Al-Bazzal and other Hezbollah officials have control over the contractual and financial obligations of Hokoul.“Treasury Designates Vast Iranian Petroleum Shipping Network That Supports IRGC-QF and Terror Proxies,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, September 4, 2019, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm767.

Since late 2018, al-Bazzal has used the Talaqi Group and his other companies to finance, and coordinate IRGC-QF-linked oil shipments. Al-Bazzal also has overseen Talaqi Group’s partnership with Lebanon-based ALUMIX for aluminum shipments to Iran.“Rewards for Justice – Up to $10 Million Reward Offer for Information on Hizballah’s Financial Networks: Muhammad Qasir, Muhammad Qasim al-Bazzal, and Ali Qasir,” U.S. Department of State, October 23, 2020, https://www.state.gov/rewards-for-justice-up-to-10-million-reward-offer-for-information-on-hizballahs-financial-networks-muhammad-qasir-muhammad-qasim-al-bazzal-and-ali-qasir/. Given his role as a critical conduit for the financial dealings of Hezbollah, the U.S. Department of the Treasury designated al-Bazzal as a Specially Designated Global Terrorist on November 20, 2018.“Treasury Designates Illicit Russia-Iran Oil Network Supporting the Assad Regime, Hizballah, and HAMAS,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, November 20, 2018, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm553. Following the designation, in early 2019, al-Bazzal reportedly sought to remove his name from all Talaqi Group company documents in order to evade U.S. sanctions.“Act of Terror, Information on…Lebanese Hizballah’s Financial Network,” Rewards for Justice, https://rewardsforjustice.net/english/lebanese_hizballah_financial_network.html. However, on June 25, 2020, the U.S. Treasury Department designated Talaqi Group as a Specially Designated National due to al-Bazzal’s history with the company.“Iran-related Designations; Iran-related Designation Update; Counter Terrorism Designations Updates,” June 25, 2020, https://home.treasury.gov/policy-issues/financial-sanctions/recent-actions/20200625.

On October 23, 2020, the U.S. Department of State’s Rewards for Justice program offered a reward of up to $10 million for information on al-Bazzal.“This Week in Iran Policy,” U.S. Department of State, October 30, 2020, https://www.state.gov/this-week-in-iran-policy-23/.

Ahmed Luqman Talib is a U.S.-designated, Australian national who is a financial and operational facilitator for al-Qaeda. Talib operates a gemstone business based in Australia. Talib and his company, Talib and Sons, were designated by the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) on October 19, 2020.“Counter Terrorism Designations; Iran-related Designations,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, October 19, 2020, https://home.treasury.gov/policy-issues/financial-sanctions/recent-actions/20201019; Pranshu Verma, “U.S. Imposes Sanctions on Qaeda Financier Who Trades in Gems,” New York Times, October 19, 2020, https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/19/us/politics/treasury-sanctions-qaeda-gems.html. On March 29, 2021, Talib was arrested by the Australian police and charged with “one count of preparations for foreign incursions into foreign states for the purpose of engaging in hostile activities.”Toby Crockford, “Australian father-of-eight accused of supporting Syrian Terrorist,” Brisbane Times, March 30, 2021, https://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/national/queensland/australian-father-of-eight-accused-of-supporting-syrian-terrorist-20210329-p57f2g.html.

On May 31, 2010, while still a university student at Gold Coast University, Talib joined a flotilla of activists seeking to break an Israeli blockade of Gaza. The flotilla of vessels, which was boarded in international waters about 80 miles from the Israeli coast, was organized in part by a Turkish group called the Foundation for Human Rights and Freedoms and Humanitarian Aid (IHH). The organizers claimed to be delivering humanitarian aid to Palestinians in the Gaza Strip. According to the Israeli government, IHH is linked to the terrorist group Hamas and is associated with the U.S.-designated Union of Good charity network. Israeli naval commandos eventually raided and took siege of the flotilla and shot Talib, who survives, along with several others.Pranshu Verma, “U.S. Imposes Sanctions on Qaeda Financier Who Trades in Gems,” New York Times, October 19, 2020, https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/19/us/politics/treasury-sanctions-qaeda-gems.html; Paul McGeough, “Australian student tells of his flotilla ordeal,” Sydney Morning Herald, June 7, 2010, https://www.smh.com.au/national/australian-student-tells-of-his-flotilla-ordeal-20100606-xnbh.html; Thomas Joscelyn, “Designated al Qaeda facilitator operates gemstone business based in Australia,” Long War Journal, October 19, 2020, https://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2020/10/designated-al-qaeda-facilitator-operates-gemstone-business-based-in-australia.php; “Mavi Marmara: Why did Israel stop the Gaza flotilla?,” BBC News, June 27, 2016, https://www.bbc.com/news/10203726; Jamal Elshayyal, “A decade has passed, but the Mavi Marmara killings I saw still shape me,” Al Jazeera, May 30, 2020, https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2020/5/30/a-decade-has-passed-but-the-mavi-marmara-killings-i-saw-still-shape-me.

According to official documents, Talib registered Talib & Sons PTY LTD on February 5, 2019 in Mount Waverly, Australia.“TALIB & SONS PTY LTD ACN 633 227 488,” Australian Securties and Investments Commission, https://connectonline.asic.gov.au/RegistrySearch/faces/landing/panelSearch.jspx?searchText=633227488&searchType=OrgAndBusNm&_adf.ctrl-state=ex5nf0ybi_15. Owned, controlled, and directed by Talib, the company has financial dealings in Brazil, Colombia, Sri Lanka, Tanzania, Turkey, and the Gulf. By using his company as a cover, Talib was able to move funds internationally for al-Qaeda.“Treasury Designates al-Qa’ida Financial Facilitator,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, October 19, 2020, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm1157. According to experts at the Washington Institute, gemstones are easy to move and hold value, which has provided al-Qaeda a way to evade detection from governments and the private sector who have heightened surveillance of formal financial systems to counter the financing of terrorism.Pranshu Verma, “U.S. Imposes Sanctions on Qaeda Financier Who Trades in Gems,” New York Times, October 19, 2020, https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/19/us/politics/treasury-sanctions-qaeda-gems.html.

On October 19, 2020, the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) designated both Talib for having materially assisted, sponsored, or provided financial, material, or technological support for, or goods or services to or in support of, al-Qaeda. OFAC also designated Talib and Sons.“Treasury Designates al-Qa’ida Financial Facilitator,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, October 19, 2020, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm1157.

On March 29, 2021, Talib was arrested in Chambers Flat, in Queensland, Australia. He was charged with one “count of preparations for foreign incursions into foreign states for the purpose of engaging in hostile activities between September 1, 2013 and October 1, 2020.”Toby Crockford, “Australian father-of-eight accused of supporting Syrian Terrorist,” Brisbane Times, March 30, 2021, https://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/national/queensland/australian-father-of-eight-accused-of-supporting-syrian-terrorist-20210329-p57f2g.html. His case is currently awaiting a hearing in Brisbane Magistrates Court on June 25, 2021.Toby Crockford, “Australian father-of-eight accused of supporting Syrian Terrorist,” Brisbane Times, March 30, 2021, https://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/national/queensland/australian-father-of-eight-accused-of-supporting-syrian-terrorist-20210329-p57f2g.html.

Amir Dianat is a U.S.-designated businessman who is associated with Behnam Shahriyari and Rostam Ghasemi, officials of Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps’ Quds Force (IRGC-QF). A dual Iranian-Iraqi national, Dianat has supported IRGC-QF smuggling operations for several years, including efforts aimed at the shipment of arms and missiles.“Treasury Designates IRGC-Qods Force Front Company and Owner,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, May 1, 2020, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm995.

Dianat has allegedly been directly involved in IRGC-QF efforts to secure entry for vessels containing IRGC shipments from Iran to Yemen.“Treasury Designates IRGC-Qods Force Front Company and Owner,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, May 1, 2020, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm995. The IRGC-QF is a special branch of the IRGC tasked with achieving sensitive missions beyond Iran’s borders. The IRGC-QF has played an active role in providing training and weapons to extremist groups including Iraqi insurgents, Lebanese Hezbollah, and others.“IRGC (Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps),” Counter Extremism Project, https://www.counterextremism.com/threat/irgc-islamic-revolutionary-guard-corps. Allegedly, Dianat has been involved in facilitating illicit business opportunities to generate revenue for the IRGC-QF, and in 2019, leveraged Taif Mining Services LLC, a company under his control, to procure an oil tanker.“Treasury Designates IRGC-Qods Force Front Company and Owner,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, May 1, 2020, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm995.

On May 1, 2020, the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) listed Amir Dianat as a Specially Designated National for having materially assisted, sponsored, or provided financial, material, or technological support for, or goods or services to or in support of, the IRGC-QF.“Treasury Designates IRGC-Qods Force Front Company and Owner,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, May 1, 2020, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm995.

Additionally, on May 1, the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the District of Columbia filed criminal charges against Dianat and his business associate, Kamran Lajmiri. They were charged for violation of U.S. sanctions and money laundering laws to generate revenue for the IRGC. Allegedly, the two channeled money through the United States to buy a Liberian-flagged oil tanker.“U.S. Sanctions Businessman for Arms Smuggling,” United States Institute of Peace, May 4, 2020, https://iranprimer.usip.org/index.php/blog/2020/may/04/us-sanctions-businessman-arms-smuggling. The Department of Justice filed a civil action seeking forfeiture of $12 million used to buy the tanker, subsequently freezing those funds.“Treasury Designates IRGC-Qods Force Front Company and Owner,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, May 1, 2020, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm995; “Criminal Charges Filed Against Two Iranian Nationals for Violating Money Laundering & Sanctions Laws by Procuring Petroleum Tanker,” U.S. Department of Justice, May 1, 2020, https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/criminal-charges-filed-against-two-iranian-nationals-violating-money-laundering-sanctions. Dianat and Lajmiri allegedly concealed from the seller of the tanker that the vessel was destined for Iran and would be used by the IRGC in clear violation of the regulations, prohibitions, and licensing requirements of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) and the Iranian Transactions and Sanctions Regulations (ITSR).“Criminal Charges Filed Against Two Iranian Nationals for Violating Money Laundering & Sanctions Laws by Procuring Petroleum Tanker,” U.S. Department of Justice, May 1, 2020, https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/criminal-charges-filed-against-two-iranian-nationals-violating-money-laundering-sanctions.

Yusuf Finyanus is a U.S.-designated national and the former Lebanese minister of transportation and public works. According to the U.S. Department of the Treasury, Finyanus exploited his position in the Lebanese government to provide funding and resources to Hezbollah-owned companies. Although Finyanus was not directly connected to the Beirut port explosion on August 10, 2020, Hezbollah was granted considerable control over the area’s activities during Finyanus’s time in office. Hezbollah’s negligence over port safety is alleged to be the source of the deadly blast.“Treasury Targets Hizballah’s Enablers in Lebanon,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, September 8, 2020, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm1116; Ian Talley and Nazih Osseiran, “U.S. Seeks to Reshape Lebanese Government With New Sanctions,” Wall Street Journal, September 8, 2020, https://www.wsj.com/articles/u-s-sanctions-two-former-lebanese-government-officials-11599587476.

According to the Treasury Department, Finyanus began working with Hezbollah in 2015, when the terrorist group provided Finyanus hundreds of thousands of dollars in exchange for political favors. During that time, Finyanus also regularly met with Wafiq Safa, a U.S.-designated leader in Hezbollah’s security apparatus who had alleged control over borders and ports.“Treasury Targets Hizballah’s Enablers in Lebanon,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, September 8, 2020, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm1116.; Ian Talley and Nazih Osseiran, “U.S. Seeks to Reshape Lebanese Government With New Sanctions,” Wall Street Journal, September 8, 2020, https://www.wsj.com/articles/u-s-sanctions-two-former-lebanese-government-officials-11599587476.

Finyanus, a member of the Marada Movement—a political party and ally of Hezbollah—was appointed minister of transportation and public works in 2016 and served for four years.“Treasury Targets Hizballah’s Enablers in Lebanon,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, September 8, 2020, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm1116; Ben Hubbard, “Lebanon’s Government Resigns Amid Widespread Anger Over Blast,” New York Times, August 10, 2020, https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/10/world/middleeast/lebanon-government-resigns-beirut.html; “Lebanon crisis: US puts sanctions on former ministers allied to Hezbollah,” BBC News, September 10, 2020, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-54085122. During this time, it was reported that Finyanus siphoned and redirected funds from government budgets towards Hezbollah-owned companies to win bids for Lebanese government contracts worth millions of dollars.“Treasury Targets Hizballah’s Enablers in Lebanon,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, September 8, 2020, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm1116. Finyanus also diverted funds from the ministry to boost political allies.“Treasury Targets Hizballah’s Enablers in Lebanon,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, September 8, 2020, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm1116. Additionally, it is reported that Finyanus provided Hezbollah members with access to sensitive legal materials related to the Special Tribunal for Lebanon—an independent, judicial organization that was established by the United Nations but is neither a U.N. court nor part of the Lebanese judicial system. The tribunal is composed of Lebanese and international judges that deals with terrorism as a discrete crime. The tribunal’s primary mandate is to hold trials for the people accused of carrying out a bomb attack in Beirut on February 14, 2005 in which the former prime minister, Rafik Hariri, and 22 others were killed.“Treasury Targets Hizballah’s Enablers in Lebanon,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, September 8, 2020, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm1116; “About the STL,” Special Tribunal for Lebanon, https://www.stl-tsl.org/en/about-the-stl.

On August 4, 2020, a large explosion caused by improperly stored ammonium nitrate erupted at the port of Beirut, leading to a series of smaller blasts that accumulated into one large supersonic blast throughout the city. The explosion caused immeasurable damage to the capital. Around 191 people were killed, 5,000 others were injured, and over 300,000 people were left homeless.“Beirut explosion: What we know so far,” BBC News, August 11, 2020, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-53668493. The explosion resulted in mass protests against government negligence and corruption and led to the resignation of Prime Minister Hassan Diab’s entire cabinet on August 10, 2020, including Finyanus.Ben Hubbard, “Lebanon’s Government Resigns Amid Widespread Anger Over Blast,” New York Times, August 10, 2020, https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/10/world/middleeast/lebanon-government-resigns-beirut.html; Emily Beeken, “US sanctions former Lebanon government ministers for connections to Hezbollah,” Jurist, September 10, 2020, https://www.jurist.org/news/2020/09/us-sanctions-former-lebanon-government-ministers-for-connections-to-hezbollah/.

While the investigation is ongoing, Hezbollah’s “unofficial” control over activities in the port of Beirut has made the Iranian-sponsored terror group culpable, as they are known to use the port for illegal drug smuggling operations and other criminal activities. According to Lebanese intelligence sources, Hezbollah-controlled buildings in the port housed weapons and fireworks, and the explosions were reportedly sparked by a fire at one of the Hezbollah warehouses.“Beirut Explosion Increases Scrutiny Of Lebanese Political Class, Role Of Hezbollah,” Counter Extremism Project, August 12, 2020, https://www.counterextremism.com/press/beirut-explosion-increases-scrutiny-lebanese-political-class-role-hezbollah.

On September 8, 2020, Finyanus was listed as a Specially Designated National by the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control for providing material support to Hezbollah and for engaging in corruption.“Treasury Targets Hizballah’s Enablers in Lebanon,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, September 8, 2020, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm1116. Although the Treasury Department did not directly blame Finyanus’s activities for resulting in the Beirut explosion, the designation serves as a way to amplify calls for a more transparent and accountable government in Lebanon.“Treasury Targets Hizballah’s Enablers in Lebanon,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, September 8, 2020, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm1116; “US sanctions two former Lebanese ministers over Hezbollah links,” Al-Monitor, September 9, 2020, https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2020/09/lebanon-sanctions-finyanus-khalil-beirut-hezbollah-oort.html.

Ali Hassan Khalil is a U.S.-designated national and the former Lebanese minister of finance. According to the U.S. Department of the Treasury, Khalil exploited his position in the Lebanese government to provide funding and resources to Hezbollah-owned companies. Although Khalil was not directly connected to the Beirut port explosion on August 10, 2020, Hezbollah was granted considerable control over the area’s activities during Khalil’s time in office. Hezbollah’s negligence over port safety is alleged to be the source of the deadly blast.“Treasury Targets Hizballah’s Enablers in Lebanon,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, September 8, 2020, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm1116; Ian Talley and Nazih Osseiran, “U.S. Seeks to Reshape Lebanese Government With New Sanctions,” Wall Street Journal, September 8, 2020, https://www.wsj.com/articles/u-s-sanctions-two-former-lebanese-government-officials-11599587476.

According to the Treasury Department, Khalil—a senior official in the Hezbollah-allied, Shia Muslim Amal movement—worked closely with Hezbollah to provide the group financial gain. Khalil served as the minister of public health from 2011-2014, before becoming minister of finance from 2014 to 2020. Allegedly in late 2017, shortly before the Lebanese parliamentary elections in May 2018, Khalil reached an agreement with Hezbollah to receive support for his political success. Khalil supposedly redirected money in a way that would allow Hezbollah-associated institutions to evade U.S. sanctions enforcement from government ministries.“Treasury Targets Hizballah’s Enablers in Lebanon,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, September 8, 2020, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm1116.

Under his role as minister of finance, Khalil attempted to have U.S. financial restrictions on Hezbollah eased so that the group could more easily move funds. Furthermore, Khalil exempted a Hezbollah-affiliate from paying taxes on electronic imports to Lebanon. However, a portion of the money that was collected was redirected towards supporting Hezbollah. In late 2019, Khalil further exploited his powers in office as he sought to elicit kickbacks by refusing to sign checks payable to government suppliers unless he was directly given a percentage of the contracts.“Treasury Targets Hizballah’s Enablers in Lebanon,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, September 8, 2020, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm1116.

On August 4, 2020, a large explosion caused by improperly stored ammonium nitrate erupted at the port of Beirut, leading to a series of smaller blasts that accumulated into one large supersonic blast throughout the city. The explosion caused immeasurable damage to the capital. Around 191 people were killed, 5,000 others were injured, and over 300,000 people were left homeless.“Beirut explosion: What we know so far,” BBC News, August 11, 2020, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-53668493. The explosion resulted in mass protests against government negligence and corruption and led to the resignation of Prime Minister Hassan Diab’s entire cabinet on August 10, 2020, including Khalil.Ben Hubbard, “Lebanon’s Government Resigns Amid Widespread Anger Over Blast,” New York Times, August 10, 2020, https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/10/world/middleeast/lebanon-government-resigns-beirut.html; Emily Beeken, “US sanctions former Lebanon government ministers for connections to Hezbollah,” Jurist, September 10, 2020, https://www.jurist.org/news/2020/09/us-sanctions-former-lebanon-government-ministers-for-connections-to-hezbollah/.

While the investigation is ongoing, Hezbollah’s “unofficial” control over activities in the port of Beirut has made the Iranian-sponsored terror group culpable, as they are known to use the port for illegal drug smuggling operations and other criminal activities. According to Lebanese intelligence sources, Hezbollah-controlled buildings in the port housed weapons and fireworks, and the explosions were reportedly sparked by a fire at one of the Hezbollah warehouses.“Beirut Explosion Increases Scrutiny Of Lebanese Political Class, Role Of Hezbollah,” Counter Extremism Project, August 12, 2020, https://www.counterextremism.com/press/beirut-explosion-increases-scrutiny-lebanese-political-class-role-hezbollah.

On September 8, 2020, Khalil was listed as a Specially Designated National by the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control for providing material support to Hezbollah and for engaging in corruption. Although the Treasury Department did not directly blame Khalil’s activities for resulting in the Beirut explosion, the designation serves as a way to amplify calls for a more transparent and accountable government in Lebanon.“Treasury Targets Hizballah’s Enablers in Lebanon,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, September 8, 2020, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm1116; “US sanctions two former Lebanese ministers over Hezbollah links,” Al-Monitor, September 9, 2020, https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2020/09/lebanon-sanctions-finyanus-khalil-beirut-hezbollah-oort.html.

Lebanese citizen Ghassan Diab is an alleged member of Hezbollah who is suspected of involvement in the terror group’s transnational money-laundering and narcotics operations. Diab was extradited to the United States from Cyprus in July 2020 and faces multiple felony charges.“Two Alleged Criminals – A Hezbollah Associated Narco-Money Launderer and a Computer Hacker - Extradited from Cyprus to the United States,” U.S. Department of Justice, July 18, 2020, https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/two-alleged-criminals-hezbollah-associated-narco-money-launderer-and-computer-hacker.

As part of its Operation Reconquista, the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) Miami Field Division identified Diab in 2016 as part of Hezbollah’s money-laundering operations.“Two Alleged Criminals – A Hezbollah Associated Narco-Money Launderer and a Computer Hacker - Extradited from Cyprus to the United States,” U.S. Department of Justice, July 18, 2020, https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/two-alleged-criminals-hezbollah-associated-narco-money-launderer-and-computer-hacker. Diab and associates Mohammad Ahmad Ammar and Hassan Mohsen Mansour were allegedly responsible for laundering $500,000 through Miami banks. According to court documents, Diab is related to a “high-ranking member of Hezbollah who has access to numerous international bank accounts.”David Ovalle, “State: Hezbollah-linked group laundered drug money through Miami banks,” Miami Herald, October 11, 2016, https://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/crime/article107366182.html. Ammar is reportedly Diab’s brother-in-law.Callum Paton, “Lebanese national accused of laundering drug money for Hezbollah extradited from Cyprus,” National (Dubai), July 19, 2020, https://www.thenational.ae/world/europe/lebanese-national-accused-of-laundering-drug-money-for-hezbollah-extradited-from-cyprus-1.1051446.

The DEA opened an investigation into the trio in 2014. Confidential informants began questioning Ammar for help laundering $250,000 worth of Australian dollars from cocaine sales. Ammar then contacted Mansour in Paris. They moved the money to accounts in Dubai where a front company called Al Haitham Exhibition and Conference Organizers dispersed it to other accounts. Diab’s alleged role was to send fraudulent invoices to cover the transactions. Unbeknownst to the trio, the money was moved to DEA accounts. Diab, Ammar, and Mansour were involved in a second operation in September 2014 to launder $250,000.David Ovalle, “State: Hezbollah-linked group laundered drug money through Miami banks,” Miami Herald, October 11, 2016, https://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/crime/article107366182.html.

In October 2016, the Miami-Dade State Attorney’s Office charged Diab with two counts of money laundering over $100,000, two counts of conspiracy to launder over $100,000, two counts of unlicensed transmission of currency over $100,000, and two counts of unlawful use of a two-way communications device to further the commission of money laundering.“Two Alleged Criminals – A Hezbollah Associated Narco-Money Launderer and a Computer Hacker - Extradited from Cyprus to the United States,” U.S. Department of Justice, July 18, 2020, https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/two-alleged-criminals-hezbollah-associated-narco-money-launderer-and-computer-hacker. Ammar was arrested in Los Angeles, California, in September 2016. Mansour, a dual citizen of Lebanon and Canada, was arrested in Paris on separate but similar money-laundering charges.David Ovalle, “State: Hezbollah-linked group laundered drug money through Miami banks,” Miami Herald, October 11, 2016, https://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/crime/article107366182.html.

On March 9, 2019, Diab arrived in Cyprus from Beirut, Lebanon. He was provisionally arrested at Cyprus’s Larnaca International Airport for the purpose of extradition. On September 27, 2019, a court in Cyprus ruled that Diab could be extradited to the United States under the U.S.-Cyprus extradition agreement. Diab arrived in Florida on July 17, 2020, to face charges in Miami-Dade County.“Two Alleged Criminals – A Hezbollah Associated Narco-Money Launderer and a Computer Hacker - Extradited from Cyprus to the United States,” U.S. Department of Justice, July 18, 2020, https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/two-alleged-criminals-hezbollah-associated-narco-money-launderer-and-computer-hacker. Ammar was convicted in Miami of one count of money laundering in excess of $100,000 and one count of conspiracy to commit laundering in excess of $100,000 after his arrest in California.Callum Paton, “Lebanese national accused of laundering drug money for Hezbollah extradited from Cyprus,” National (Dubai), July 19, 2020, https://www.thenational.ae/world/europe/lebanese-national-accused-of-laundering-drug-money-for-hezbollah-extradited-from-cyprus-1.1051446.

Sheikh Yusuf Aasi is the U.S.-designated assistant CEO of Lebanon’s Martyrs Foundation, part of a transnational charitable network created by Iran to fund its terrorist proxies. In February 2020, the U.S. government imposed financial sanctions on Aasi, Kassem Mohamad Bazzi, Jawad Nur-al-Din, and 12 Lebanon-based businesses for contributing to Hezbollah through the Martyrs Foundation.“Hezbollah’s Martyrs Foundation: purpose, mode of operation and funding methods,” Meir Amit Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center, November 4, 2019, https://www.terrorism-info.org.il/en/hezbollahs-martyrs-foundation-purpose-mode-operation-funding-methods/; “Treasury Designates Martyrs Foundation Companies and Officials as Global Terrorists,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, February 26, 2020, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm917. In a November 2018 interview with a pro-Hezbollah news outlet, Aasi described the Martyrs Foundation’s mandate as part of Hezbollah’s activities.Bahar Al-Anwar, “مقابلة: مؤسسة الشهيد: شرف الخدمة لعطاء الدم,” Resistance Society, November 5, 2018, http://baqiatollah.net/article.php?id=5575.

Iran established the Martyrs Foundation in 1982 to help facilitate the transfer of funds to Hezbollah and Iran’s other proxies. The foundation provides monthly stipends for education and health care to the families of martyrs, with a specific focus on children. According to Israel’s Meir Amit Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center, the Martyrs Foundation has an annual expenditure of $100 million. The foundation’s budget is partially provided by Iran through Hezbollah while the remainder is raised through its fundraising network.“Hezbollah’s Martyrs Foundation: purpose, mode of operation and funding methods,” Meir Amit Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center, November 4, 2019, https://www.terrorism-info.org.il/en/hezbollahs-martyrs-foundation-purpose-mode-operation-funding-methods/.

The U.S. government accuses the Martyrs Foundation of funneling money to Hezbollah, Hamas, and other terror groups in the Levant. According to the United States, senior members of the Martyrs Foundation in Lebanon were directly involved in Hezbollah operations during the 2006 war between Hezbollah and Israel. The Martyrs Foundation also created the Goodwill Charitable Organization (GCO), a fundraising office in Dearborn, Michigan, that acted as a Hezbollah front organization and reported to the Martyrs Foundation in Lebanon. The U.S. government designated both the Martyrs Foundation and GCO in July 2007.“Twin Treasury Actions Take Aim at Hizballah’s Support Network,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, July 24, 2007, https://www.treasury.gov/press-center/press-releases/Pages/hp503.aspx.

Aasi is the assistant CEO of the Martyrs Foundation and a cofounder of Lebanon-based Atlas Holding, which was among the companies the United States sanctioned in February 2020 for affiliation with the Martyrs Foundation.“Hezbollah’s Martyrs Foundation: purpose, mode of operation and funding methods,” Meir Amit Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center, November 4, 2019, https://www.terrorism-info.org.il/en/hezbollahs-martyrs-foundation-purpose-mode-operation-funding-methods/; “Treasury Designates Martyrs Foundation Companies and Officials as Global Terrorists,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, February 26, 2020, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm917. Aasi cofounded Atlas with Mohammad Ali Bashir and the Martyrs Foundation.“Hezbollah’s Martyrs Foundation: purpose, mode of operation and funding methods,” Meir Amit Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center, November 4, 2019, https://www.terrorism-info.org.il/en/hezbollahs-martyrs-foundation-purpose-mode-operation-funding-methods/. According to the U.S. government, Atlas Holding is subordinate to Hezbollah’s Executive Council, which uses the company to conceal financial transactions for Hezbollah’s military activities. The Treasury Department accuses Hezbollah of using Atlas Holding to avoid financial sanctions.“Treasury Designates Martyrs Foundation Companies and Officials as Global Terrorists,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, February 26, 2020, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm917.

Atlas Holding owns or controls at least 10 companies in various Lebanese sectors, including fuel, pharmaceuticals, tourism, and clothing. According to the U.S. government, Atlas Holding is subordinate to Hezbollah’s Executive Council, which uses the company to conceal financial transactions for Hezbollah’s military activities. The Treasury Department accuses Hezbollah of using Atlas Holding to avoid financial sanctions.“Treasury Designates Martyrs Foundation Companies and Officials as Global Terrorists,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, February 26, 2020, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm917.

In addition to Atlas, the United States sanctioned 11 companies linked to the Martyrs Foundation:  

• Shahed Pharm: owned or controlled by Atlas Holding.
• Amana Plus Co.: owned or controlled by Atlas Holding.
• Al Kawthar: owned or controlled by Atlas Holding.
• Amana Sanitary and Paints Company LTD: owned or controlled by Atlas Holding.
• City Pharma SARL: owned or controlled by Atlas Holding.
• Global Touristic Services SAL: owned or controlled by Atlas Holding.
• Amana Fuel Co.: owned or controlled by Atlas Holding.
• Sanovera Pharm Company SARL: owned or controlled by Atlas Holding.
• Medical Equipment & Drugs International Corporation (Medic): owned or controlled by Atlas Holding.
• Capital SAL: owned or controlled by Atlas Holding.
• Mirath SAL.“Treasury Designates Martyrs Foundation Companies and Officials as Global Terrorists,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, February 26, 2020, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm917.

Kassem Mohammed Bazzi is the U.S.-designated CEO and chairman of Lebanon-based Atlas Holding, which the U.S. government accuses of aiding Hezbollah in skirting financial sanctions. In February 2020, the United States imposed financial sanctions on Bazzi, Atlas, Sheikh Yusuf Aasi, Jawad Nur-al-Din, and 11 other Lebanon-based businesses for contributing to Hezbollah through the Lebanon-based Martyrs Foundation.“Treasury Designates Martyrs Foundation Companies and Officials as Global Terrorists,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, February 26, 2020, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm917.

Iran established the Martyrs Foundation in 1982 to help facilitate the transfer of funds to Hezbollah and Iran’s other proxies. The foundation provides monthly stipends for education and health care to the families of martyrs, with a specific focus on children. According to Israel’s Meir Amit Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center, the Martyrs Foundation has an annual expenditure of $100 million. The foundation’s budget is partially provided by Iran through Hezbollah while the remainder is raised through its fundraising network.“Hezbollah’s Martyrs Foundation: purpose, mode of operation and funding methods,” Meir Amit Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center, November 4, 2019, https://www.terrorism-info.org.il/en/hezbollahs-martyrs-foundation-purpose-mode-operation-funding-methods/.

The U.S. government accuses the Martyrs Foundation of funneling money to Hezbollah, Hamas, and other terror groups in the Levant. According to the United States, senior members of the Martyrs Foundation in Lebanon were directly involved in Hezbollah operations during the 2006 war between Hezbollah and Israel. The Martyrs Foundation also created the Goodwill Charitable Organization (GCO), a fundraising office in Dearborn, Michigan, that acted as a Hezbollah front organization and reported to the Martyrs Foundation in Lebanon. The U.S. government designated both the Martyrs Foundation and GCO in July 2007.“Twin Treasury Actions Take Aim at Hizballah’s Support Network,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, July 24, 2007, https://www.treasury.gov/press-center/press-releases/Pages/hp503.aspx.

Bazzi was named the chairman and CEO of Atlas at its creation in 1986. Atlas’s founders included Aasi and Mohammad Ali Bashir.“Hezbollah’s Martyrs Foundation: purpose, mode of operation and funding methods,” Meir Amit Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center, November 4, 2019, https://www.terrorism-info.org.il/en/hezbollahs-martyrs-foundation-purpose-mode-operation-funding-methods/. According to the U.S. government, Atlas Holding is subordinate to Hezbollah’s Executive Council, which uses the company to conceal financial transactions for Hezbollah’s military activities. The Treasury Department accuses Hezbollah of using Atlas Holding to avoid financial sanctions.“Treasury Designates Martyrs Foundation Companies and Officials as Global Terrorists,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, February 26, 2020, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm917.

As of 2019, Bazzi was CEO and chairman of Lebanon-based Atlas Holding, which was among the 12 Lebanese companies the United States sanctioned in February 2020 for affiliation with the Martyrs Foundation. Bazzi is Atlas Holding’s largest shareholder. Atlas Holding owns or controls at least 10 companies in various Lebanese sectors, including fuel, pharmaceuticals, tourism, and clothing. Bazzi is also an official of U.S.-sanctioned Atlas Holding subsidiaries Amana, Amana Plus, Medic, Shahed Pharm, City Pharma, al Kawthar, and Global Touristic Services.“Treasury Designates Martyrs Foundation Companies and Officials as Global Terrorists,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, February 26, 2020, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm917.

In addition to Atlas, the United States sanctioned 11 companies linked to the Martyrs Foundation. Bazzi is affiliated with six of those companies:

• Medical Equipment & Drugs International Corporation (Medic): Bazzi is the director general, chairman, and authorized signatory for the company.
• Shahed Pharm: Bazzi is listed as a shareholder, director, and authorized signatory for the company.
• Amana Fuel Co.: Bazzi is listed as a founder, director, and authorized signatory for the company.
• Amana Plus Co.: Bazzi and Nur-al-Din are listed as company founders. Bazzi also serves as the director general, chairman, and authorized signatory of the company.
• City Pharma SARL: Bazzi is the authorized signatory for the company.
• Global Touristic Services SAL: founded by Bazzi, Atlas, and Nur-al-Din. Bazzi is the authorized signatory. Nur-al-Din and Bazzi are members of the board of directors.“Treasury Designates Martyrs Foundation Companies and Officials as Global Terrorists,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, February 26, 2020, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm917.

The Treasury Department also sanctioned Capital SAL, Al Kawthar, Amana Sanitary and Paints Company LTD, Mirath SAL, and Sanovera Pharm Company SARL.“Treasury Designates Martyrs Foundation Companies and Officials as Global Terrorists,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, February 26, 2020, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm917.

Jawad Nur-al-Din is the U.S.-designated director general of the Lebanon-based Martyrs Foundation, part of a transnational charitable network created by Iran to fund its terrorist proxies. In February 2020, the U.S. government imposed financial sanctions on Nur-al-Din, Sheikh Yusuf Aasi, Kassem Mohamad Ali Bazzi, and 12 Lebanon-based businesses for contributing to Hezbollah through the Martyrs Foundation.“Hezbollah’s Martyrs Foundation: purpose, mode of operation and funding methods,” Meir Amit Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center, November 4, 2019, https://www.terrorism-info.org.il/en/hezbollahs-martyrs-foundation-purpose-mode-operation-funding-methods/; “Treasury Designates Martyrs Foundation Companies and Officials as Global Terrorists,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, February 26, 2020, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm917.

Iran established the Martyrs Foundation in 1982 to help facilitate the transfer of funds to Hezbollah and Iran’s other proxies. The foundation provides monthly stipends for education and health care to the families of Hezbollah martyrs, with a specific focus on children. According to a description of the foundation on the official Hezbollah website, “The association works to spread the culture of martyrdom in the community.”Qasim Riya, “جمعية مؤسسة الشهيد الخيرية الاجتماعية,” Islamic Resistance - Lebanon, https://www.moqawama.org/essaydetails.php?eid=18972&cid=199. In November 2010, Nur-al-Din was reportedly among a group of Hezbollah-linked individuals who met the family of Ahmed Kassir during Hezbollah’s celebration of the 28th anniversary of the 1982 bombings against the Israel Defense Forces’ headquarters in Tyre. Kassir detonated one of two suicide bombs that killed nearly 100 Israeli soldiers.Hussein Sa’ad, “منزل أحمد قصير في دير قانون النهر يجمع آباء الاستشهاديين في المقاومـة,” Khiyam, November 11, 2010, https://khiyam.com/news/article.php?articleID=10423; “Self-Sacrifice Martyr: Ahmad Jaafar Kassir,” al-Ahed News, 2012, https://www.english.alahednews.com.lb/15697/365. In July 2008, Nur-al-Din accompanied Secretary-General Hassan Nasrallah and others to a ceremony welcoming five Hezbollah fighters freed by Israel in exchange for the remains of two Israeli soldiers.“عملية الرضوان 16 و17 تموز 2008: تحرير خمسة أسرى على رأسهم سمير القنطار وجثامين أكثر من 190 شهيدا,” Islamic Resistance - Lebanon, July 16, 2012, https://www.moqawama.org/essaydetails.php?eid=26299&cid=165; Ayat Basma, Avida Landau, “Hezbollah delivers remains of two Israeli soldiers,” Reuters, July 15, 2008, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-israel-lebanon-prisoners/hezbollah-delivers-remains-of-two-israeli-soldiers-idUSL141960220080716.

According to Israel’s Meir Amit Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center, the Martyrs Foundation has an annual expenditure of $100 million. The foundation’s budget is partially provided by Iran through Hezbollah while the remainder is raised through its fundraising network.“Hezbollah’s Martyrs Foundation: purpose, mode of operation and funding methods,” Meir Amit Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center, November 4, 2019, https://www.terrorism-info.org.il/en/hezbollahs-martyrs-foundation-purpose-mode-operation-funding-methods/.

The U.S. government accuses the Martyrs Foundation of funneling money to Hezbollah, Hamas, and other terror groups in the Levant. According to the United States, senior members of the Martyrs Foundation in Lebanon were directly involved in Hezbollah operations during the 2006 war between Hezbollah and Israel. The Martyrs Foundation also created the Goodwill Charitable Organization (GCO), a fundraising office in Dearborn, Michigan, that acted as a Hezbollah front organization and reported to the Martyrs Foundation in Lebanon. The U.S. government designated both the Martyrs Foundation and GCO in July 2007.“Twin Treasury Actions Take Aim at Hizballah’s Support Network,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, July 24, 2007, https://www.treasury.gov/press-center/press-releases/Pages/hp503.aspx.

In his role with the Martyrs Foundation, Nur-al-Din oversees payments to the families of Hezbollah fighters who have been killed. Nur-al-Din works closely with and coordinates these payments with senior Hezbollah officials such as Hashem Safieddine. According to the U.S. government, Nur-al-Din publicly represents the Martyrs Foundation alongside senior Hezbollah officials including Nasrallah.“Treasury Designates Martyrs Foundation Companies and Officials as Global Terrorists,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, February 26, 2020, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm917.

Along with Nur-al-Din, the United States also sanctioned Lebanon-based Atlas Holding and 11 other companies affiliated with the Martyrs Foundation. According to the Treasury Department, Atlas Holding is subordinate to Hezbollah’s Executive Council, which uses the company to conceal financial transactions for Hezbollah’s military activities. The Treasury Department accuses Hezbollah of using Atlas Holding to avoid financial sanctions. Atlas Holding owns or controls at least 10 companies in various Lebanese sectors, including fuel, pharmaceuticals, tourism, and clothing.“Treasury Designates Martyrs Foundation Companies and Officials as Global Terrorists,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, February 26, 2020, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm917.

Nur-al-Din is affiliated with seven of the 11 other companies the United States sanctioned in February 2020:

• Shahed Pharm: Nur-al-Din founded Shahed Pharm with Atlas Holding.
• Amana Plus Co.: Nur-al-Din and Bazzi founded the company.
• Al Kawthaw: Nur-al-Din founded the company with Atlas Holding.
• Amana Sanitary and Paints Company LTD: Nur-al-Din founded the company with Atlas Holding.
• City Pharma SARL: Nur-al-Din founded the company with Atlas Holding.
• Global Touristic Services SAL: Nur-al-Din founded the company with Atlas Holding and Bazzi. Nur-al-Din is also a member of the board of directors.
• Mirath SAL: Nur-al-Din is the chairman of the board and majority shareholder, as well as a founder of and authorized signatory for Mirath SAL.“Treasury Designates Martyrs Foundation Companies and Officials as Global Terrorists,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, February 26, 2020, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm917.

The Treasury Department also sanctioned Atlas subsidiaries Amana Fuel Co., Sanovera Pharm Company SARL, Medical Equipment & Drugs International Corporation (Medic), and Capital SAL.“Treasury Designates Martyrs Foundation Companies and Officials as Global Terrorists,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, February 26, 2020, https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm917.

Fadi Hussein Serhan is a U.S.-designated Lebanese businessman accused of providing material support to the Lebanese terrorist group Hezbollah through his Beirut-based electronics store, Vatech SARL.“Treasury Sanctions Hizballah Procurement Agents and Their Companies,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, November 5, 2015, https://www.treasury.gov/press-center/press-releases/Pages/jl0255.aspx. According to the U.S. government, Serhan has used Vatech as a front to purchase unmanned aerial vehicles, equipment to build drones, and other technology from companies in the United States, Europe, and Asia on behalf of Hezbollah.“Treasury Sanctions Hizballah Procurement Agents and Their Companies,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, November 5, 2015, https://www.treasury.gov/press-center/press-releases/Pages/jl0255.aspx; Charles Hoskinson, “U.S. accuses Chinese firms of buying drones for Hezbollah,” Washington Examiner, November 5, 2015, https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/us-accuses-chinese-firms-of-buying-drones-for-hezbollah.

According to the company website, Vatech is a “specialist broadcast engineering company” that sells cameras, drones, and other video recording and editing equipment.“About Vatech,” Vatech, http://www.vatech.com.lb/About.aspx. In a statement by Serhan’s lawyer, Hussein Saleh, “neither Vatech nor Serhan have any dealings with Hezbollah,” but Saleh also went on to say that Specially Designated Global Terrorist entity “Al-Manar is one of [Serhan’s] clients.”Philip Issa, “U.S.-sanctioned man innocent: lawyer,” The Daily Star, November 7, 2015, https://www.pressreader.com/lebanon/the-daily-star-lebanon/20151107/281621009215246. Al-Manar was designated by the U.S. in 2004 for its ties to Hezbollah. Saleh justified Vatech’s sales to Al-Manar saying, “You can use a camera to film a TV program, or you can use it to film a battle. And Al-Manar makes up less than 10 percent of his business.”Philip Issa, “U.S.-sanctioned man innocent: lawyer,” The Daily Star, November 7, 2015, https://www.pressreader.com/lebanon/the-daily-star-lebanon/20151107/281621009215246.

The U.S. Department of the Treasury sanctioned Serhan and Vatech SARL on November 5, 2015, for their ties to Hezbollah.“Treasury Sanctions Hizballah Procurement Agents and Their Companies,” U.S. Department of the Treasury, November 5, 2015, https://www.treasury.gov/press-center/press-releases/Pages/jl0255.aspx. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia sanctioned Serhan and his company on February 25, 2016.“Kingdom Imposes Sanctions on Individuals and Entities Linked to Hezbollah,” The Embassy of The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, February 25, 2016, https://www.saudiembassy.net/news/kingdom-imposes-sanctions-individuals-and-entities-linked-hezbollah. As of February 27, 2016, Serhan remains in Lebanon.“Kingdom extends Hezbollah sanctions,” Arab News, February 27, 2016, http://www.arabnews.com/news/887121.