“[The Shiites] are advancing towards you… your war with them is undoubtedly approaching… either march forth,…drive [the Shiites] back, or remain asleep and wake up to what the people of Iraq, Sham [Syria], and Yemen awoke to of killing, imprisonment, exile, the destruction of their homes, the looting of their wealth, and the violation of their women.”Thomas Joscelyn, “Islamic State spokesman calls on other factions to ‘repent,’ urges sectarian war,” Long War Journal, June 23, 2015, http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2015/06/islamic-state-spokesman-calls-on-other-factions-to-repent.php.

“We’re waiting in Raqqah to behead the PKK. We can smell their blood already. #IS ;)”Qa’qa’ al-Baritani, Twitter post, June 23, 2015, 7:48 p.m., https://twitter.com/an_Najdee/status/613493982857924608.

“Slowly but surely the hadith is being fulfilled. 70 countries against the IS heading towards final conflict @ Daqbiq.”Abu Jandal, Twitter post, June 22, 2015, 8:03 a.m., https://twitter.com/protocol_siyaam/status/612954026590760960.

“Let me open a secret. You radicalize me when u suspend me. So DIE IN YOUR RAGE!!!”Bint Stranger, Twitter post, June 17, 2015 9:13 a.m., https://twitter.com/Bnt_Str___111/status/611204906574311425.

“Alhamdulillah an American snake killed by THE islamic state fighting for the Kurds. HAhaha.https://youtu.be/5x5Gk_ccCx4” (Tweet accompanied by a YouTube link containing a slideshow of photos of a deceased American)Abuqital ibn tauheed, Twitter Post, June 12, 12:52 p.m., accessed June 17, 2015, https://twitter.com/abuqitall24/status/609448313771851776.

“Prepared to fight as a mujahid and afterwards die as a shaheed. #Shahada.”Just Muhajirah, Twitter post, June 8, 2015, 4:42 a.m., https://twitter.com/JustMuhajirah/status/607830021550575616.

After an explosion near Abu Ghraib in Iraq kills 10 members of Asaib Ahl al-Haq:

“All resistance movements will seek revenge in a timely manner.”Bill Roggio, “Iraqi Shiite Militia Commander Threatens to Attack US,” Long War Journal, June 9, 2015, https://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2015/06/iraqi-shiite-militia-commander-threatens-to-attack-us.php.

“Islam is a religion of peace, but it's a religion of justice also. U touch us. We won't turn the other cheek but burn your house and kill u.”Just Muhajirah, Twitter post, May 28, 2015, 9:42 a.m., https://twitter.com/JustMuhajirah/status/603919334562496512.

“YES! We are here to Dominate! We'll take your houses, wealth and your lives. Just like u did to us! &YES we Hate you for His Sake! #ISLAM.”Oum Haarith, Twitter post, May 21, 2015, 7:29 a.m., https://twitter.com/OumHaarith/status/601349106620112896.

“Wallaahi you will be destroyed o kuffaar [nonbelievers]. Just wait and see.”Ghareeba, Twitter post, May 19, 2015, 9:02 a.m., https://twitter.com/AlMuhajiraah07/status/600693067486748672.